Urgent Evoke

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In ' tristes tropiques ' ( Claude Levi-Strauss ) Working with other cultures ( FRENCH & ENGLISH )

" As for Victor Serge, the fact that he had been an associate of Lenin was all the 
more intimidating, because it was difficult to reconcile it 
with his looks, which were those of a maiden lady of high principles. 
The smooth and delicate features, piping voice, and stilted, hesitant
manner added up to the almost asexual character that I was later to
encounter among Buddhist monks on the frontiers of Burma; they
were remote, certainly, from the superabundant vitality and positive
temperament which French tradition accords to the so-called sub
versive 3 agent. The point is that certain cultural types occur in all
societies, because they result from straightforward antitheses; but their
social function may differ widely from society to society. In Russia
Serge s particular type had been able to make contact with reality in
the course of a revolutionary career; elsewhere it might have found a
very different oudet.
The relations between any two societies would
no doubt become very much easier if it were possible to establish, by
the use of a sort of grille, a system of equivalences between the ways
in which each would employ analogous human types in quite different
social functions. Instead of confining ourselves, as we do now, to
confrontations within certain professional groups (doctors with doctors,
teachers with teachers, industrialists with industrialists) we might come to 
realize that there exist certain subtler correspondences between individuals 
and the roles they play.  

( p20 ) " Quand à Victor Serge, son passé de compagnon de Lénine m'intimidait en même temps que j'éprouvais la plus grande difficulté à m'intégrer à son personnage, qui évoquait plutôt une vieille femme à principes. Ce visage glabre, ces traits fins, cette voix claire joints à des manières guindées et précautionneuses offraient ce caractère presque asexué que je devais reconnaitre plus tard chez les moines Bouddhistes de la frontière Birmane, fort éloigné du mâle tempérament et la surrabondance vitale que la tradition Française associe aux activités subversives. [ par exemple, René Char, mettons ] c'est que des types culturels qui se reproduisent assez semblables dans chaque société, parce que construits autour d'oppositions très simples, sont utilisés par chaque groupe pour remplir des fonctions sociales différentes. Celui de Serge avait pu s'actualiser dans une carrière Revolutionnaire en Russie. Q'uen eut-il été ailleurs ? sans doute, les relations entre deux sociétés seraient facilitées s'il était possible, au moyen d'une sorte de grille, d'établir un système d'équivalances entre les manières dont chacune utilise des types humains analogiques pour remplir des fonctions sociales différentes. Au lieu de se borner [...] a confronter médecins et médecins, industriels et industriels [...] il existe des correspondances plus subtiles entre les individus & les roles. "

Reflexion caricaturale de ma part : en France un homme au caractère efféminé se sentira plus poussé vers une carrière artistique mettons ( en tout cas personne l'encouragera à devenir maçon ), en Birmanie il deviendra moine, et dans des tribus précolombiennes ils étaient peut-être poussés à devenir des guerriers, je sais pas. Les schémas de charactère, personnalités sont utilisés différemment dans chaque société. Le révolutionnaire Russe n'a pas de crédibilité aurpès du résistant communiste Français, car c'est un archétype différent.
Et en Afrique ? Si on veut travailler avec eux, il s'agit d'avoir cette préocupation à l'esprit = comment paraître crédible auprès d'une civilisation si différente ?  

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