In August 1994, the Government of Senegal and United States Agency for International Development (USAID) launched the Community Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM), a seven year 36 million US Dollar program with purpose of increasing the participation of the local communities and private sector in the identification, planning, management and conservation of natural resources in selected 50 Communautés rurales out of the 320 in the country. The major natural resources of interest to the program are soils, water, vegetation and fauna.
The CBNRM Activity has a strategy which relies on two principles:
- use a global land use management technique to deal with NRM problems,
- empower local people and structures, and provide them with the means to reinforce
their capacities to take action.
The country of Senegal is unlike many countries in Africa—for one, it's the headquarters of the EVOKE network. However, it's also one of the few countries in Africa with a current and self-sustaining natural resource management framework in place.
Senegal, like much of Africa, has an environment rich in natural resources. Unfortunately, the potential that's there has been hampered by several things, not least of which include frequent droughts and mismanagement. To combat this, the government of Senegal started working with USAID in 1994 to implement a CBNRM systIem, or a community-based natural resources management system.
According to USAID, the core of this strategy is something that should be the core of many efforts—empowering and educating the citizens. Awareness is built by implementing strategies to educate populations and to help the population take ownership of the resources. People are given training in everything from literacy to agricultural management, reducing the likelihood that resources will be mistreated.
The paper on the strategy, written in 1998, mentions the implementation of the CBNRM has been going well. As of the writing, it's been implemented in a small portion of the population. However, the doc**ent ends there, citing the fact that "the changes are recent, thus information on impact is limited to date". So, I decided to find out more.
It turns out that the program seems to be doing
quite well, even getting a second phase implemented. The system is being expanded into new regions in Senegal and management initiatives are being applied to water-based resources and fisheries.
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