To give a brief introduction to the issue:
The maoist movement in India is termed as the "Greatest Internal Security Threat" by India's Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh. The "threat" spans 5 states in the eastern side of India, covering about 1/4th of the total area of the country. Certain districts falling in this corridor has already been considered by the government to be completely beyond their control. A group of armed rebels inspired by Maoist ideology, want to overthrow the Indian State and replace it with a Maoist one. Murder of policemen/armed forces of the state, bombing of railway trains and tracks along that route are commonplace in that region.
This area holds billions of worth of mineral resources like bauxite, and the government has already signed MoUs with a lot of mining corporations to allow them to extract it. These corporations have been trying to move the natives off their own land by some foul means - like sponsoring a state endorsed police force to have a free rein in the natives' domains - and presumably fair - constructing schools and hospitals for the natives to assimilate them into the mainstream. The foul means to remove the natives has a fairly long history, and this has led to a deep resistance culture amongst the natives, and an inherent suspicion of the mainstream elements. This culture, coupled with a deep fondness for Mao's revolution in China is at the heart of this conflict.
The following article by Arundhati Roy is an attempt to present the Maoists' side of the story. The effort is a result of living a week or so with the natives.
http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?264738-0
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